UCLA researchers have identified a molecule that could mark a breakthrough in treating hair loss. The molecule, known as PP405, has shown early promise in reactivating dormant hair follicles, potentially offering a more effective solution for people struggling with baldness.
Hair loss can result from aging, stress, hormonal changes, and genetics. Although treatments like Rogaine and Propecia have helped some individuals, most existing options are only effective for a small percentage of users. Many people still turn to expensive surgeries or unproven remedies.
The UCLA team, led by professors William Lowry, Heather Christofk, and Michael Jung, has been studying PP405 for nearly a decade. Their work focuses on follicle stem cells, which are often inactive but still intact in people with hair loss. PP405 works by targeting a protein that keeps these cells dormant. When this protein is blocked, the cells wake up and begin producing hair again.
In a 2023 clinical trial, participants applied a topical version of PP405 to their scalps each night for one week. The results were described as “statistically significant,” with signs that the treatment could stimulate the growth of full, terminal hair — not just fine, temporary strands.
Lowry, a professor of molecular, cell and developmental biology, emphasized that the treatment may not work for everyone. However, he remains optimistic about its potential, particularly for reversing pattern baldness, which affects over half of men and one-quarter of women by age 50.
“Hair loss affects people emotionally and psychologically,” Lowry said. “Our early trials in Orange County were very encouraging. We’re now preparing for larger studies with more participants.”
One concern was that the molecule might damage all follicles, but lab results disproved that fear. Encouraged by the findings, the research team co-founded Pelage Pharmaceuticals through UCLA’s Technology Transfer Group. The company raised $16.4 million in funding from Google Ventures to support further trials and seek regulatory approval.
“FDA approvals take time, as they should,” Lowry noted. “But it will be worth waiting for.”
